Navigating the array of options for tracking systems can be daunting, as they operate on similar principles but vary in execution. Among these technologies, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) stands out as a method of portable information storage. Here’s how RFID checkpoints work.
What is RFID?
RFID comprises a memory chip and a radio transmitter/receiver enclosed in a tag. These tags are read through an electromagnetic field and can be passive, active, or semi-active. Although the concept emerged in the 1940s, the first patent for an RFID device came in 1973. However, its adoption was slow initially due to cost, compared to alternatives like barcodes. Recently, with advancements in digital tech and cheaper manufacturing, RFID has gained traction.
How Does Passive RFID Work?
Passive RFID tags utilise inductive coupling. The tag contains a memory chip linked to a radio chip and an antenna. When a nearby RFID reading device generates an electromagnetic field, it induces a current in the tag’s antenna, powering the memory chip. This chip then sends back information, such as an ID number, to the reader. Since passive tags draw power from the reader, they don’t need batteries.
Different Types of RFID
RFID technology encompasses a broad spectrum of specifications. For instance, UniGuard passive RFID tags operate at a frequency of 125 kHz, reducing interference from other signals like Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. Tags come in various storage types, including read-write, read-only, and WORM (write once, read many).
What Are Active RFID Checkpoints?
Active RFID checkpoints, like passive tags, contain a microchip and an antenna, but they have an internal battery. This battery enables them to emit signals up to 100 meters away. They are slightly costlier due to additional hardware. In staff attendance systems, active checkpoints periodically transmit a unique ID number, which is captured by the recorder when within range.
Uses For RFID
Initially used in niche markets like livestock monitoring, RFID tags have become smaller, cheaper, and more durable. They’re now utilised in various applications such as credit cards, toll passes, access keys, and pet microchips, offering enhanced security compared to barcodes.
Pros and Cons of RFID Checkpoints
RFID operates similarly to NFC tags and BLE beacons but with broader applicability. Specialist RFID hardware is designed for industry-specific requirements, offering durability and focused functionality. Additionally, RFID systems are harder to manipulate than QR code-based ones, reducing opportunities for staff to cheat.
Best Uses for RFID Checkpoints
Choosing between passive and active RFID depends on specific needs. Active checkpoints are ideal for indoor settings where long-range tracking is necessary, while passive checkpoints offer versatility and affordability for various environments.
RFID-based staff tracking systems provide durable, real-time monitoring tailored to industry standards. If you require a customised tracking system, our sales team can assist you.